#!/usr/bin/perl -w

#                         P P M S H A D O W

#            by John Walker  --  http://www.fourmilab.ch/
#                          version = 1.2;
#   --> with minor changes by Bryan Henderson to adapt to Netbpm.  
#   See above web site for the real John Walker work, named pnmshadow.

#   Bryan Henderson later made some major style changes (use strict, etc) and
#   eliminated most use of shells.  See Netbpm HISTORY file.

#   Pnmshadow is a brutal sledgehammer implemented in Perl which
#   adds attractive shadows to images, as often seen in titles
#   of World-Wide Web pages.  This program does not actually
#   *do* any image processing--it simply invokes components of
#   Jef Poskanzer's PBMplus package (which must be present on
#   the path when this script is run) to bludgeon the source
#   image into a plausible result.
#
#               This program is in the public domain.
#
#

use strict;
require 5.0;
#  The good open() syntax, with the mode separate from the file name,
#  came after 5.0.  So did mkdir() with default mode.

my $true=1; my $false=0;


sub getDimensions($) {
    my ($fileName) = @_;
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  Return the dimensions of the Netpbm image in the named file
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    my ($width, $height);
    my $pamfileOutput = `pamfile $fileName`;
    if ($pamfileOutput =~ m/.*\sP[BGP]M\s.*,\s*(\d*)\sby\s(\d*)/) {
        ($width, $height) = ($1, $2);
    } else {
        die("Unrecognized output from 'pamfile' shell command");
    }
    return ($width, $height);
}    


sub makeConvolutionKernel($$) {
    my ($convkernelfile, $ckern) = @_;

    #   Create convolution kernel file to generate shadow
    
    open(OF, ">$convkernelfile") or die();
    printf(OF "P2\n$ckern $ckern\n%d\n", $ckern * $ckern * 2);
    my $a = ($ckern * $ckern) + 1;
    my $i;
    for ($i = 0; $i < $ckern; $i++) {
        my $j;
        for ($j = 0; $j < $ckern; $j++) {
            printf(OF "%d%s", $a, ($j < ($ckern - 1)) ? " " : "\n");
        }
    }
    close(OF);
}



##############################################################################
#                           MAINLINE
##############################################################################


my $tmpdir = $ENV{TMPDIR} || "/tmp";
my $ourtmp; chomp($ourtmp = `mktemp -d -t PPMshadow.XXXXXX`);
if ($? >> 8) {
    die "Can't create directory for temporary files";
}

#   Process command line options


my $ifile; # Input file name
my ($xoffset, $yoffset);

my $convolve = 11;                   # Default blur convolution kernel size
my $keeptemp = $false;               # Don't preserve intermediate files
my $translucent = $false;            # Default not translucent

while (@ARGV) {
    my $arg = shift;
    if ((substr($arg, 0, 1) eq '-') && (length($arg) > 1)) {
        my $opt;
        $opt = substr($arg, 1, 1);
        $opt =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/;
        if ($opt eq 'b') {        # -B n  --  Blur size
            if (!defined($convolve = shift)) {
                die("Argument missing after -b option\n");
            }
            if (($convolve < 11) && (($convolve & 1) == 0)) {
                $convolve++;      # Round up even kernel specification
            }
        } elsif ($opt eq 'k') {   # -K  --  Keep temporary files
            $keeptemp = $true;
        } elsif ($opt eq 't') {   # -T  --  Translucent image
            $translucent = $true;
        } elsif ($opt eq 'x') {   # -X n  --  X offset
            if (!defined($xoffset = shift)) {
                die("Argument missing after -x option\n");
            }
            if ($xoffset < 0) {
                $xoffset = -$xoffset;
            }
        } elsif ($opt eq 'y') {   # -Y n  --  Y offset
            if (!defined($yoffset = shift)) {
                die("Argument missing after -x option\n");
            }
            if ($yoffset < 0) {
                $yoffset = -$xoffset;
            }
        }
    } else {
        if (defined $ifile) {
            die("Duplicate input file specification.");
        }
        $ifile = $arg;   
    }
}

#   Apply defaults for arguments not specified

if (!(defined $xoffset)) {
    #   Xoffset defaults to half the blur distance
    $xoffset = int($convolve / 2);
}

if (!(defined $yoffset)) {
    #   Yoffset defaults to Xoffset, however specified
    $yoffset = $xoffset;
}

# Save the Standard Output open instance so we can use the STDOUT
# file descriptor to pass files to our children.
open(OLDOUT, ">&STDOUT");
select(OLDOUT);  # avoids Perl bug where it says we never use STDOUT 

my $infile = "$ourtmp/infile.ppm";

if (defined($ifile) && $ifile ne "-") {
    open(STDIN, "<$ifile") or die();
}
open(STDOUT, ">$infile") or die("Unable to open '$infile' as STDOUT");
system("ppmtoppm");

# You would think we could and should close stdin and stdout now, but if
# we do that, system() pipelines later on fail mysteriously.  They don't
# seem to be able to open stdin and stdout pipes properly if stdin and 
# stdout didn't already exist.  2002.09.07 BJH

my ($sourceImageWidth, $sourceImageHeight) = getDimensions($infile);

#   Create an all-background-color image (same size as original image)

my $backgroundfile = "$ourtmp/background.ppm";
system("pamcut -left=0 -top=0 -width=1 -height=1 $infile | " .
       "pamscale -xsize=$sourceImageWidth " .
       "-ysize=$sourceImageHeight >$backgroundfile");

#   Create mask file for background.  It is white wherever there is background
#   image in the input.

my $bgmaskfile = "$ourtmp/bgmask.pbm";
system("pamarith -difference $infile $backgroundfile | pnminvert | ppmtopgm " .
       "| pgmtopbm -thresh -value 1.0 >$bgmaskfile");

my $ckern = $convolve <= 11 ? $convolve : 11;

my $convkernelfile = "$ourtmp/convkernel.pgm";

makeConvolutionKernel($convkernelfile, $ckern);

if ($translucent) {

    #   Convolve the input color image with the kernel
    #   to create a translucent shadow image.

    system("pnmconvol $convkernelfile $infile >$ourtmp/blurred.ppm");
    unlink("$convkernelfile") unless $keeptemp;
    while ($ckern < $convolve) {
        system("pnmsmooth $ourtmp/blurred.ppm >$ourtmp/convolvedx.ppm");
        rename("$ourtmp/convolvedx.ppm", "$ourtmp/blurred.ppm");
        ++$ckern;
    }
} else {

    #   Convolve the positive mask with the kernel to create shadow
 
    my $blurredblackshadfile = "$ourtmp/blurredblackshad.pgm";
    system("pamdepth -quiet 255 $bgmaskfile | " .
           "pnmconvol $convkernelfile >$blurredblackshadfile");
    unlink($convkernelfile) unless $keeptemp;

    while ($ckern < $convolve) {
        my $smoothedfile = "$ourtmp/smoothed.pgm";
        system("pnmsmooth $blurredblackshadfile >$smoothedfile");
        rename($smoothedfile, $blurredblackshadfile);
        ++$ckern;
    }

    #   Multiply the shadow by the background color

    system("pamarith -multiply $blurredblackshadfile $backgroundfile " .
           ">$ourtmp/blurred.ppm");
    unlink($blurredblackshadfile) unless $keeptemp;
}

#   Cut shadow image down to size of our frame.

my $shadowfile = "$ourtmp/shadow.ppm";
{
    my $width = $sourceImageWidth - $xoffset;
    my $height = $sourceImageHeight - $yoffset;
    open(STDIN, "<$ourtmp/blurred.ppm") or die();
    open(STDOUT, ">$shadowfile") or die();
    system("pamcut", "-left=0", "-top=0", 
           "-width=$width", "-height=$height");
}
unlink("$ourtmp/blurred.ppm") unless $keeptemp;

#   Make mask for foreground

my $fgmaskfile = "$ourtmp/fgmask.pbm";
open(STDIN, "<$bgmaskfile") or die();
open(STDOUT, ">$fgmaskfile") or die();
system("pnminvert");

#   Make image which is just foreground; rest is black.

my $justfgfile = "$ourtmp/justfg.ppm";
open(STDOUT, ">$justfgfile") or die();
system("pamarith", "-multiply", $infile, $fgmaskfile);

unlink($fgmaskfile) unless $keeptemp;
unlink($infile) unless $keeptemp;

#   Paste shadow onto background.

my $shadbackfile = "$ourtmp/shadback.ppm";
open(STDOUT, ">$shadbackfile") or die();
system("pnmpaste", "-replace", $shadowfile, $xoffset, $yoffset,
       $backgroundfile);
unlink($shadowfile) unless $keeptemp;
unlink($backgroundfile) unless $keeptemp;

#   Knock out (make black) foreground area

my $allbutfgfile = "$ourtmp/allbutfg.ppm";
open(STDOUT, ">$allbutfgfile") or die();
system("pamarith", "-multiply", $shadbackfile, $bgmaskfile);

unlink($shadbackfile) unless $keeptemp;
unlink($bgmaskfile) unless $keeptemp;

#   Place foreground in blacked out area, send to original Standard Output.

open(STDOUT, ">&OLDOUT");

system("pamarith", "-add", $justfgfile, $allbutfgfile);
unlink($justfgfile) unless $keeptemp;
unlink($allbutfgfile) unless $keeptemp;

if (!$keeptemp) {
    rmdir($ourtmp) or die ("Unable to remove temporary directory '$ourtmp'");
}